What HVAC Energy-Efficiency Ratings Mean

Are you evaluating the efficiency ratings of new air conditioning and furnace systems? Perhaps you want to check the rating on your current HVAC equipment. Either way, you can discover the efficiency rating and estimated annual operating costs by reading the yellow Energy Guide tag along the side of the unit. Here’s more information about the different ratings you might see and what they mean.

What Is a SEER Rating?

SEER is short for Seasonal Energy Efficiency Ratio, a way of measuring air conditioning efficiency. The SEER rating is a calculation of the cooling output of an air conditioner over a whole cooling season, divided by the amount of energy utilized throughout that time. A higher SEER rating implies considerably better energy efficiency and lower energy bills.

Presently, the minimum SEER rating for the latest air conditioners is 14 SEER in the northern U.S. and 15 SEER in the southern U.S. This is an improvement from the old minimum expectation of 13 SEER in the north and 14 SEER in the south, that was in effect from 2015 to 2022. This modification demonstrates the U.S. Department of Energy’s (DOE) persistent efforts to lower energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions.

Nowadays, premium air conditioners claim ratings of 26 SEER or higher, offering fantastic energy savings. However, impressive SEER ratings commonly come with a higher up-front cost. Therefore, you should give some thought to both the initial expense and the potential for long-term savings when choosing a new air conditioner.

What Is an EER Rating?

While SEER ratings get more attention, there’s a different efficiency metric you should know about. It’s referred to as EER, and it stands for Energy Efficiency Ratio. This conveys the effectiveness of an AC unit under specific operating conditions. The EER rating helps you understand how the system will support the demand on extreme summer days.

At the moment, only the southwest area of the nation has a minimum EER rating of 12.2 EER for residential central air conditioners. The highest ratings top out at about 14 EER. Consider that SEER and EER typically correspond, with higher ratings indicating stronger overall performance.

What Is an HSPF Rating?

Heating Seasonal Performance Factor (HSPF) ratings are measurements of the energy efficiency of air-source heat pumps while in heating mode. HSPF is a percentage of the total heat output in British Thermal Units (BTUs) during the heating season to the amount of electricity used in watt-hours. A higher HSPF rating suggests a more efficient heat pump.

The minimum HSPF rating for new heat pumps is 8.8 HSPF, an increase from the previous minimum of 8.2 HSPF. By demanding higher minimum HSPF ratings, the DOE hopes to encourage the use of more energy-efficient heating systems in homes and businesses throughout the U.S. The bare minimum is always an option, but it’s a wise choice to get a high-end heat pump with a rating of 13 HSPF or higher for the optimum performance.

What Is an AFUE Rating?

Annual Fuel Utilization Efficiency (AFUE) ratings are an alternative measure of heating system efficiency, but they only pertain to furnaces and boilers. AFUE is a percentage of the annual heat output to the energy utilized during that period. The greater the AFUE rating, the more efficient the heating unit(s).

In 2023, the minimum AFUE rating for new gas furnaces has been modified to 81. Formerly, the several southern states had a minimum of 80 AFUE, and the north required ratings of 90 AFUE or higher. While you aren’t required to install anything above the minimum, you’ll save on your heating bills by opting for a furnace rated 95 AFUE or higher.

What Is an ENERGY STAR® Rating?

The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) introduced the ENERGY STAR program during the Clinton Administration to help homeowners and businesses find the most energy-efficient appliances available. HVAC equipment, appliances, water heaters, light fixtures, office equipment, electronics and building products that have a minimum threshold of efficiency can earn ENERGY STAR certification.

ENERGY STAR-rated products go above and beyond the minimum requirements to save energy and decrease emissions without compromising performance or features. You can also look for the ENERGY STAR Most Efficient designation, which highlights the leading performers in energy efficiency and innovation. The EPA is currently overhauling the qualification requisites in the wake of the new minimum HVAC efficiency standards.

Install an Efficient HVAC System

For help identifying which HVAC energy-efficiency rating is ideal for your budget, look to Service Experts Heating & Air Conditioning. We can assess your situation and assist you in making an informed purchase. We have a wide range of products from today’s top brands, all of which achieve or surpass the minimum efficiency requirements for 2023. We’re so confident you’ll be delighted with our services that we provide a 100% satisfaction guarantee! For more information or to schedule a no-cost HVAC installation estimate, please contact a Service Experts office near you.